Exploring Authenticity in Total War: A Historical Perspective

As we navigate through 2026, the dream of a functioning time machine remains unrealized. However, for those interested in altering historical narratives, the Total War series of video games offers a fascinating opportunity.

This acclaimed real-time strategy franchise immerses players in the roles of historical figures tasked with managing armies and resources while striving for global dominance. Developed by Creative Assembly, a studio based in the UK, the Total War series has impressively sold over 48 million copies since its inception 25 years ago, featuring settings that span ancient Rome, feudal Japan, and Egypt.

While the games have always been steeped in historical context, the developers are now making unprecedented efforts to ensure their authenticity reflects the time periods depicted. This is where Professor Peter Wilson, a renowned expert in the history of warfare from the University of Oxford, plays a crucial role.

Prof. Wilson’s Insights

Wilson, who serves as the Chichele Professor of the History of War, is recognized globally for his understanding of warfare’s impact on societies. During an interview at All Souls College, a stunning academic setting filled with extensive book collections, he discusses his advisory role for the forthcoming Total War: Medieval III.

“When the company reached out to me about participating, I found it to be a thrilling opportunity,” he shared. His responsibilities include engaging the public in discussions about historical warfare’s effects, which he believes should extend beyond traditional media to include video games.

This collaboration began after a developer from Creative Assembly discovered one of Wilson’s publications and decided to consult him directly. Although he has not personally played the games, his familiarity with the series comes from his son’s ownership of them, allowing him to contribute to their development.

Historical Authenticity and Gameplay

Wilson highlights how certain factors, like seasonal changes, influenced military strategies during medieval times. “Warfare in the early modern and medieval periods was fundamentally shaped by the availability of grass,” he explains. “Without grass, troop movements were severely hindered, as it provided essential sustenance for horses and transport animals.”

Consequently, the game reflects this realism by making winter campaigns more challenging, mirroring historical truths. Interestingly, Wilson points out that the relationship between historical facts and gaming is reciprocal; games can deepen our understanding of past events.

“Engaging with such fundamental questions as motivations and what defines success is invaluable,” he asserts. “This kind of thinking is beneficial because it aligns with the inquiries that historians should be contemplating.”

Beyond Total War, other game series also delve into historical narratives, allowing players to experience pivotal moments in history. Titles like Red Dead Redemption encapsulate the Wild West experience, while Crusader Kings dramatizes the intrigues of European royalty. Assassin’s Creed explores diverse historical periods, from Viking invasions in Britain to the Golden Age in Baghdad, earning acclaim for its collaboration with local experts to authentically recreate settings.

The Balance of Fun and Authenticity

This raises the question: Does historical accuracy enhance gameplay? Luke Holmes, a senior designer at Creative Assembly, believes it does. “Capturing the essence of a historical period increases the enjoyment factor,” he remarks. “It grounds the experience, elevating the stakes and making players feel their actions hold significance.”

However, Luke acknowledges the fine line between accuracy and entertainment, stating that strict adherence to historical facts could hinder gameplay. “We prefer to discuss authenticity rather than accuracy, as authenticity relates to the emotional resonance of the past. Often, this is more crucial than just presenting straightforward facts,” he explains.

He notes that the Total War series will inevitably stray from historical accuracy, as players are empowered to make choices that can reshape historical outcomes. Pawel Wojs, the game director for Total War, concurs, emphasizing that allowing players to explore their own historical alternatives is a significant aspect of the game’s allure. “Ultimately, it’s a sandbox experience where players can create their own narratives, but we strive to establish the context as authentically as possible,” he concludes.

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